.forced-chapter { margin-top:96px; }
.forced-index {
  background:linear-gradient(145deg,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 7%,var(--panel)),var(--panel));
}
.forced-index::after { border-color:color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 26%,transparent); }

.forced-model-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));
  gap:12px;
}
.forced-model-grid article,
.forced-solution-grid article,
.forced-power-grid article,
.forced-network article {
  min-width:0;
  padding:24px;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:var(--radius-sm);
  background:var(--panel);
}
.forced-model-grid h3 { margin:14px 0 8px; }
.forced-model-grid p,
.forced-solution-grid p,
.forced-power-grid p,
.forced-network p { margin:9px 0 0; color:var(--muted); font-size:.84rem; }

.forced-decomposition {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.1fr) minmax(0,.8fr) minmax(0,.8fr);
  gap:12px;
}
.forced-decomposition article {
  padding:24px;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:var(--radius-sm);
  background:var(--panel);
}
.forced-decomposition strong {
  display:block;
  margin-top:12px;
  font-family:"Cambria Math","STIX Two Math",Georgia,serif;
  font-size:1.55rem;
}
.forced-decomposition p { margin:8px 0 0; color:var(--muted); font-size:.84rem; }
.forced-sum {
  background:linear-gradient(145deg,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent-2) 5%,var(--panel)),var(--panel)) !important;
}

.forced-solution-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.1fr) minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);
  gap:12px;
}
.forced-solution-primary {
  background:linear-gradient(145deg,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 5%,var(--panel)),var(--panel)) !important;
}
.response-equation {
  min-height:110px;
  overflow-x:auto;
  justify-content:flex-start;
  font-size:clamp(.98rem,1.5vw,1.2rem);
}

.forced-lab-section {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 82% 14%,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 7%,transparent),transparent 31%),
    linear-gradient(180deg,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent-2) 3%,transparent),transparent 24%);
}
.forced-lab {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:275px minmax(0,1fr);
  gap:12px;
  align-items:start;
}
.forced-controls {
  position:sticky;
  top:calc(var(--header-h) + 16px);
  display:grid;
  gap:21px;
  padding:22px;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:var(--radius-sm);
  background:var(--panel-solid);
}
.forced-actions { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; gap:8px; }
.forced-main { min-width:0; display:grid; gap:12px; }

.forced-metrics {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));
  overflow:hidden;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:var(--radius-sm);
  background:var(--panel);
}
.forced-metrics article {
  min-width:0;
  padding:15px 16px;
  border-right:1px solid var(--line);
}
.forced-metrics article:last-child { border-right:0; }
.forced-metrics span { display:block; color:var(--muted); font-size:.66rem; font-weight:740; }
.forced-metrics strong { display:inline-block; margin-top:5px; font-size:1.06rem; font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums; }
.forced-metrics small { margin-left:4px; color:var(--muted); font-size:.58rem; }

.forced-time-panel,
.forced-phase-panel { margin:0; }
.forced-time-panel figcaption,
.forced-phase-panel figcaption {
  display:block;
  padding:18px 20px;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.forced-time-panel figcaption span,
.forced-phase-panel figcaption span {
  display:block;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.68rem;
  font-weight:750;
  letter-spacing:.06em;
  text-transform:uppercase;
}
.forced-time-panel figcaption strong,
.forced-phase-panel figcaption strong { display:block; margin-top:3px; font-size:.92rem; }
.forced-time-panel svg { width:100%; min-height:330px; }

.forced-trace {
  fill:none;
  vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke;
  stroke-linecap:round;
  stroke-linejoin:round;
}
.forced-trace.total { stroke:var(--accent); stroke-width:3.1; }
.forced-trace.steady {
  stroke:var(--accent-2);
  stroke-width:2;
  stroke-dasharray:7 5;
}
.forced-time-line {
  stroke:var(--line-strong);
  stroke-width:1;
  stroke-dasharray:4 5;
}
.forced-time-marker {
  fill:var(--text);
  stroke:var(--bg);
  stroke-width:2;
}
.forced-legend {
  display:flex;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  gap:18px;
  padding:0 20px 18px;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.7rem;
}
.forced-legend span { display:flex; align-items:center; gap:7px; }
.forced-legend i { display:inline-block; width:22px; height:3px; }
.legend-total-response { background:var(--accent); }
.legend-steady-response {
  background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--accent-2) 0 7px,transparent 7px 11px);
}

.forced-bottom-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(300px,.68fr);
  gap:12px;
}
.forced-phase-panel svg { width:100%; min-height:295px; }
.forced-phase-ring {
  fill:none;
  stroke:var(--line-strong);
  stroke-width:1.2;
}
.force-phasor {
  stroke:var(--accent-3);
  stroke-width:3.2;
  stroke-linecap:round;
}
.response-phasor {
  stroke:var(--accent);
  stroke-width:3.2;
  stroke-linecap:round;
}
.force-phasor-tip { fill:var(--accent-3); }
.response-phasor-tip { fill:var(--accent); }
.forced-phase-arc {
  fill:none;
  stroke:var(--accent-2);
  stroke-width:2;
}
.forced-phase-label,
.forced-delta-label {
  font-size:13px;
  font-weight:850;
}
.forced-phase-label.force { fill:var(--accent-3); }
.forced-phase-label.response,
.forced-delta-label { fill:var(--accent); }
.forced-phase-note {
  margin:0;
  padding:0 20px 18px;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.75rem;
}

.forced-state-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.forced-state-grid > div {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;
  gap:6px;
  align-items:baseline;
  min-width:0;
  padding:13px 14px;
  border-right:1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.forced-state-grid > div:nth-child(2n) { border-right:0; }
.forced-state-grid > div:nth-last-child(-n+2) { border-bottom:0; }
.forced-state-grid span { color:var(--accent-2); font-size:.68rem; font-weight:850; }
.forced-state-grid strong { justify-self:end; min-width:0; font-size:.82rem; font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums; }
.forced-state-grid small { color:var(--muted); font-size:.56rem; }

.forced-source-map {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;
  gap:10px;
  align-items:center;
  padding:20px;
}
.forced-source-map > span {
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.65rem;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  letter-spacing:.04em;
}
.source-track {
  position:relative;
  height:9px;
  border-radius:999px;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--accent-3),var(--accent));
}
.source-track i {
  position:absolute;
  top:50%;
  left:50%;
  width:15px;
  height:15px;
  border:2px solid var(--bg);
  border-radius:50%;
  background:var(--text);
  transform:translate(-50%,-50%);
}
.forced-state > p {
  margin:0;
  padding:0 20px 20px;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:.75rem;
}

.forced-power-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));
  gap:12px;
}
.forced-power-result {
  background:linear-gradient(145deg,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent-3) 6%,var(--panel)),var(--panel)) !important;
}

.forced-network {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto minmax(0,1fr) auto minmax(0,1fr);
  gap:14px;
  align-items:stretch;
}
.forced-network article > span {
  color:var(--accent);
  font-size:.68rem;
  font-weight:850;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  letter-spacing:.06em;
}
.forced-network strong {
  display:block;
  margin-top:8px;
  font-size:1.1rem;
}
.forced-network-arrow {
  display:grid;
  place-items:center;
  color:var(--accent-2);
  font-size:1.5rem;
}

@media (max-width:1080px) {
  .forced-solution-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; }
  .forced-solution-primary { grid-column:1/-1; }
  .forced-bottom-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .forced-phase-panel {
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(220px,.45fr);
    align-items:center;
  }
  .forced-phase-panel figcaption { grid-column:1/-1; }
  .forced-phase-note { padding:22px; }
}
@media (max-width:980px) {
  .forced-model-grid,
  .forced-decomposition,
  .forced-power-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; }
  .forced-model-grid > :last-child,
  .forced-decomposition > :last-child,
  .forced-power-grid > :last-child { grid-column:1/-1; }
  .forced-lab { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .forced-controls { position:static; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; }
  .forced-actions { align-self:end; }
  .forced-network { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .forced-network-arrow { transform:rotate(90deg); min-height:22px; }
}
@media (max-width:720px) {
  .forced-chapter { margin-top:58px; }
  .forced-model-grid,
  .forced-decomposition,
  .forced-solution-grid,
  .forced-power-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .forced-model-grid > :last-child,
  .forced-decomposition > :last-child,
  .forced-power-grid > :last-child,
  .forced-solution-primary { grid-column:auto; }
  .forced-controls { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .forced-metrics { grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; }
  .forced-metrics article:nth-child(2) { border-right:0; }
  .forced-metrics article:nth-child(-n+2) { border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); }
  .forced-phase-panel { display:block; }
  .forced-state-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .forced-state-grid > div { border-right:0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); }
  .forced-state-grid > div:last-child { border-bottom:0; }
  .forced-time-panel svg,
  .forced-phase-panel svg { min-height:255px; }
}